International chronostratigraphic chart

*The Pleistocene is divided into four ages, but only two are shown here. What is shown as Calabrian is actually three ages: Calabrian from 1.8 to

International chronostratigraphic chart. Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Points. Global Boundary Stratotype Sections and Points (GSSPs) are reference points on stratigraphic sections of rock which define the lower boundaries of stages on the International Chronostratigraphic Chart. Since 1977, the ICS has maintained the international GSSP register.

The proposal that the 'Anthropocene' should be ratified as a unit of the International Chronostratigraphic Chart/Geological Time Scale deserves serious consideration by the International ...

Jul 18, 2018 ... The International Chronostratigraphic Chart, the famous diagram depicting the timeline for Earth's history (seen on many classroom walls) ...International Chronostratigraphic Chart (v2016/12) December 25, 2016. International Chronostratigraphic Chart (v2016/12) Click here ( PDF or JPG) to download the latest version (v2016/12) of the International Chronostratigraphic Chart. The explanatory article was published in September 2013 issue of Episodes (download from Episodes or ICS ...International Chronostratigraphic Chart - 2020 : 2020 International Chronostratigraphic Chart - 2019 : 2019 International Chronostratigraphic Chart - 2018 : 2018 International Chronostratigraphic Chart - 2017 : 2017ABOUT OUR CATALOGUE is a webpage that provides access to the rich and diverse geoscience data and products of Geoscience Australia. Users can search, discover, view and download data from various topics, such as digital elevation, continental geology, surface geology and more. Explore the geoscience data and products of Australia with this catalogue.International chronostratigraphic chart showing division of geological time and its numerical ages is regularly updated by the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS). The Slovak ...The ICS promotes the free distribution of the chart and its products over the internet, and promotes the educational and scientific use of the chart in printed, e-book and digital resource collection forms - but only with appropriate reference to www.stratigraphy.org as the ICS website source and not for commercial purposes.May 30, 2023 · Its primary objective is to define precisely global units (systems, series and stages) of the International Chronostratigraphic Chart that, in turn, are the basis for the units (periods, epochs and age) of the International Geological Time Scale; thus setting global standards for the fundamental scale for expressing the history of the Earth. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart. The International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS) has a long tradition of producing international charts that communicate higher-order divisions of geological time and actual knowledge on the absolute numerical ages of their boundaries. The primary objective of ICS is to define precisely a ...

This original English version of the International Chronostratigraphic Charter, published in 2022, incorporates colour codes for eons, eras, systems, series and stages. The charters …11:00 - 12:30 (1h30) SC16: Tonian to Cryogenian stratigraphy, palaeobiology and Earth system change. Room D. › Towards a chronostratigraphic timescale for all Earth history - Graham Shields, University College London 11:00-11:15 (15min) › An ecological rise of marine eukaryotes in the Tonian enabled by nutrient availability - Shuhai Xiao ...The International Chronostratigraphic Chart describes the geological time in which the history of the Earth is inscribed. It combines a numerical scale that uses as a unit a million years (chronometric scale) and a scale in relative time units (chronostratigraphic scale). Download PDF DIN-A3. In Catalan, v2023/04.The relationship between the North American Chronostratigraphic Scale and the International Stratigraphic Chart is not straightforward. Hence, we consulted Dr. Ronald Blakey, a stratigrapher at Northern Arizona University, to ensure that we had developed a set of reasonable dates for the Layered Paleozoic Rocks.Sistem/periode seri/kala masa/usia penanggalan mutlak (ma) neogen miosen aquitanium younger paleogen oligosen chattium 23.03–27.82 rupelium 27.82–33.9 eosen priabonium 33.9–37.71 bartonium 37.71–41.2 lutetium 41.2–47.8 ypresium 47.8–56.0 paleosen thanetium 56.0–59.2 selandium 59.2–61.6 danium 61.6–66.0 kretaseus awal/akhir …Chronostratigraphy. Chronostratigraphy ('time-rock stratigraphy') is the branch of stratigraphy concerned with the application of time to rock successions, the ultimatel goal of which is the establishment of a globally applicable standard time-scale. The chronostratigraphical scale originated as a relative one which was been built up, like ...

The International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS) has a long tradition of producing international charts that communicate higher-order divisions of geological time and actual knowledge on...Note that in the latest version of the ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart (v2022/10), the age of the Induan/Olenekian boundary is 251.2 Ma based on sample CHIN40 (Galfetti et al., 2007). Recently, this sample was re-analyzed and the new resulting age was 250.647 ± 0.064 Ma (2σ) (Widmann et al., 2020).November 14, 2020. International Chronostratigraphic Chart (v2020/03) Click here ( PDF or JPG) to download the latest version (v2020/03) of the International Chronostratigraphic Chart. The explanatory article was published in September 2013 issue of Episodes (download from Episodes or ICS website ).Download scientific diagram | In this diagram, the International Chronostratigraphic Chart (v. 2020/03) is coordinated with magnetic polarity time scales for central Europe (Szurlies, 2013) and ...May 30, 2023 · Its primary objective is to define precisely global units (systems, series and stages) of the International Chronostratigraphic Chart that, in turn, are the basis for the units (periods, epochs and age) of the International Geological Time Scale; thus setting global standards for the fundamental scale for expressing the history of the Earth. The International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS) is the largest and oldest constituent scientific body in the IUGS. Its primary objective is to precisely define global units (systems, series, and stages) of the International Chronostratigraphic Chart that, in turn, are the basis for the units (periods, epochs, and age) of the International Geologic Time Scale; thus setting global standards ...

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To add the epoch 'Anthropocene' to the geological time scale, in the first instance, is an 'intra-geoscience' proposal about amending the International Chronostratigraphic Chart [2]. However, to ...Although international chronostratigraphic units of series and higher rank are being redefined by IUGS and IGCP working groups, there may be a continuing need for some provincial series. Adoption of the basal boundary-stratotype concept is urged. Article 11. -Historical Background. A proposal for a new name must include a nomenclatorial history ...International, Chart, Chronostratigraphic, International chronostratigraphic chart. Information. Domain: Source: Link to this page: Please notify us if you found a problem with this document: Spam in document.The utility of ICS International Chronostratigraphic Charts (ICS Charts) relies on the accuracy and precision of reported geochronologic dates and their relationship to the bases of global chronostratigraphic units. However, an examination of some early Paleozoic dates (i.e., Cambrian-Ordovician boundary and lowest Ordovician) on the ICS ...INTERNATIONAL CHRONOSTRATIGRAPHIC CHART International Commission on Stratigraphy Colouring follows the Commission for the Geological Map of the World (www.ccgm.org) Chart drafted by K.M. Cohen, D.A.T. Harper, P.L. Gibbard, N. Car (c) International Commission on Stratigraphy, June 2023

International Chronostratigraphic Chart. In addition, ICS is collaborating with the IUGS Commission on Geoscience Information (CGI) as it develops GeoSciML as an . 5 interchange format for geoscience data. ICS subcommissions are traditionally affiliated with a considerable number of IUGS and IGCP activities. For example, ICSThe International Chronostratigraphic Chart describes the geological time in which the history of the Earth is inscribed. It combines a numerical scale that uses as a unit a million years (chronometric scale) and a scale in relative time units (chronostratigraphic scale). Download PDF DIN-A3. In Catalan, v2023/04.Tầng Meghalaya. Subdivision of the Quaternary Period according to the ICS, as of May 2019. [1] For the Holocene, dates are relative to the year 2000 (e.g. Greenlandian began 11,700 years before 2000). For the beginning of the Northgrippian a date of 8,236 years before 2000 has been set. [2]The Cretaceous/Paleogene (K/Pg) Working Group, after many years of studies, voted to define the Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for the base of the Danian Stage at the base of the ...INTERNATIONAL CHRONOSTRATIGRAPHIC CHART(国際年代層序表). International Commission on Stratigraphy (国際層序委員会) www.stratigraphy.org. 引用: Cohen, K.M. ...Phanerozoic Cenozoic Quaternary Holocene Pleistocene Pliocene Miocene Oligocene Eocene Paleocene Neogene Paleogene Upper Lower Cre t Mesozoic aceous T riassic ...However, most articles on the Anthropocene misrepresent the nature of the units of the International Chronostratigraphic Chart, which is produced by the International Commission on Stratigraphy ...At the 34 th International Geological Congress, in 2012 in Brisbane, over 6000 delegates found the redesigned International Chronostratigraphic Chart of the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS) in their conference packages. The ICS Chart is a hierarchy of chronostratigraphic units (e.g. Systems, Series, andINTERNATIONAL CHRONOSTRATIGRAPHIC CHART www.stratigraphy.org International Commission on Stratigraphy v 2021/05 Series / Epoch Series / Epoch Stage / Age Series / Epoch U/L Holocene M L/E U/L Pleistocene L/E Pliocene Miocene Oligocene Eocene Paleocene Stage / Age Meghalayan Northgrippian Greenlandian UpperAt one level, the issues under debate are narrow to the point of pedantry -- rock experts quibbling over whether the Anthropocene merits inclusion in the International Chronostratigraphic Chart ...

To add the epoch 'Anthropocene' to the geological time scale, in the first instance, is an 'intra-geoscience' proposal about amending the International Chronostratigraphic Chart [2]. However, to ...

International Chronostratigraphic Chart 2014. May 23, 2014. Share on Facebook. Tweet on Twitter. tweet; Click here (PDF or JPG) to download the latest version (v 2014/02) of the International Chronostratigraphic Chart. Translations of the chart: Chinese (v2013-01: ...This French version of the International Chronostratigraphic Charter, originally published in English in August 2016 on the occasion of the 35 IGC, integrates the alphanumeric notations for eons, eras, systems, series and stages. The charters and more detailed information on GSSPs are available on the website of the International Commission on ...International Chronostratigraphic Chart with notations. This original English version of the International Chronostratigraphic Charter, published in August 2016 on the occasion of the 35 IGC, incorporates alphanumeric notations for eons, eras, systems, series and stages.Feb 10, 2021 · The AWG is a task group of the Subcommission on Quaternary Stratigraphy (SQS), a component body of the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS) that is responsible for maintaining and refining the International Chronostratigraphic Chart, which serves as the basis for the Geological Time Scale (GTS). The book, Geologic Time Scale 2012, was the last commercial publication of an international chronostratigraphic chart that was closely associated with the ICS. It included a proposal to substantially revise the pre-Cryogenian time scale to reflect important events such as the formation of the solar system and the Great Oxidation Event, ...According to the International Chronostratigraphic Chart of 2015 [Cohen et al., 2013], the Capitanian stage ranges from about 265-260 Ma, and therefore, the dyke must be younger than this. The Radar Ash underlies the Tansil Fm. and is dated at 262.6 ± 0.5 Ma [ Nicklen , 2011 ] by U-Pb zircon geochronology, providing an additional maximum age ...International Quaternary Association (INQUA) Commission on Stratigraphy regarding the stratigraphy of the Quaternary, and with the Commission for the Geological Map of the World (CGMW) in Paris regarding standardisation of chronostratigraphy and its colour scheme on charts, as well as producing the ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart.The 2019 edition of the chart (QI-500/INQUA-Dublin), follows up the 2016 IUGS' Cape town IGC version (web-released). The Figure 2 inset is also included here, for completeness. ... This is a poster version of Figure 1 of the Quaternary International 500 article Cohen, K.M. & Gibbard, P.L. 2019 Global chronostratigraphical correlation table for ...Local : 102.100.100/366030. DOI : 10.25919/5f0510d750f67. RDF/OWL representation of the 2020-01 edition of the International Chronostratigraphic Chart from the International Commission on Stratigraphy.

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The Chinese and international chronostratigraphic charts have different division schemes for the age of the bottom boundary of the Mesoproterozoic Gradstein et al., 2004; Shields et al., 2022 ...1989. International Union of Geological Sciences 1989 Global Stratigraphic Chart with geochronometric and magnetostratigraphic calibration. Supplement to ...Chart of the . Divisions of Geologic Time. approved by the U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Names Committee, 2018. The chart shows major chronostratigraphic and geochronologic units. It reflects ratified unit names and boundary estimates from the International Commission on Stratigraphy (2018). Box heights are scaled to the relativeThe ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart. K.M. Cohen 1, S.C. Finney 2, P.L. Gibbard 3, J.-X. Fan 4. ... (ICS) has a long tradition of producing international charts that communicate higher-order divisions of geological time and actual knowledge on the absolute numerical ages of their boundaries. The primary objective of ICS is to define ...The primary objective of the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS) is to precisely define global units (systems, series, and stages) of the International Chronostratigraphic Chart that, in turn, are the basis for the units (periods, epochs, and age) of the International Geologic Time Scale. Timeline of Cambrian research. This timeline of Cambrian research is a chronological listing of events in the history of geology and paleontology focused on the study of Earth during the span of time lasting from 538.8 to 485.4 million years ago (dates as per 2022 revision) [1] and the legacies of this period in the rock and fossil records .0,00 €. International Chronostratigraphic Chart with Notations used on Geological Maps-PDF. (International chronostratigraphic chart with notations) 2016. Front page - English version. 56 x 35 cm. Available folded and rolled. The French version of this charter is also available in our shop, under the reference R074. Availability: In stock.Jan 17, 2023 ... English: International chronostratigraphic chart. Norwegian: Internasjonal kronostratigrafisk tabell. Sources and references to the names of ... ….

EpisodesThe ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart. The International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS) has a long tradition of producing international charts that communicate higher-order divisions of geological time and actual knowledge on the absolute numerical ages of their boundaries. The primary objective of ICS is to define precisely ...International Chronostratigraphic Chart 2013/01. end time. 11630000 years BCE. 1 reference. stated in. International Chronostratigraphic Chart 2013/01. sRGB color hex triplet. FEF472. 0 references. significant place. Fomm ir-Riħ Bay. object has role. Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point.Chart drafted by K.M. Cohen, S. Finney, P.L. Gibbard (c) International Commission on Stratigraphy, August 2012 Units of all ranks are in the process of being defined by Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Points (GSSP) for their lower boundaries, including those of the Archean and Proterozoic, long defined by Global Standard Stratigraphic ...Centuries of geological research are represented by the International Chronostratigraphic Chart, produced by the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS). This chart illustrates time boundaries and groupings of significant geological changes agreed upon by international teams of geologists. Since the 1970s, the ICS has worked toward ...Data and Charts. JetPunk Charts. Recent Charts. Create Chart. Info Pages. Country Population. ... International Chronostratigraphic Chart Ages v2022/02. Enter the age range of geologic times (oldest to youngest) in millions of years (MA). ... Chronostratigraphic Interval. Age Range (MA) Paleocene. 66 - 56. Miocene. 23.03 - 5.333. Pennsylvanian ...Convener - National Matters. Australian Stratigraphy Commission. c/- Geoscience Australia. Cnr Jerrabomberra Ave and Hindmarsh Drive. SYMONSTON ACT 2609. Phone: +61 2 6249 9535. Email: [email protected] Cenozoic Quaternary Holocene Pleistocene Pliocene Miocene Oligocene Eocene Paleocene Neogene Paleogene Upper Lower Mesozoic Cretaceous Triassic ...International Chronostratigraphic Chart [ICC] of the International Commission on Stratigraphy [ICS]) and its units. The most familiar of these units are the geological periods of geochronology, sensu stricto, or, more simply, of time (e.g., Jurassic, Cambrian) and the corresponding systems of chronostratigraphy, sensu International chronostratigraphic chart, INTERNATIONAL CHRONOSTRATIGRAPHIC CHART International Commission on Stratigraphy Colouring follows the Commission for the Geological Map of the World (www.ccgm.org) Chart drafted by K.M.Cohen,D.A.T.Harper,P.L.Gibbard,N. Car (c) International Commission on Stratigraphy, February 2022 , "international chronostratigraphic chart (国際年代層序表)" (pdf). 日本地質学会. 2015年5月25日時点のオリジナルよりアーカイブ。 2014年3月19日 閲覧。 仲田崇志 (2009年10月29日). "地質年代表". きまぐれ生物学. 2011年2月14日 閲覧。, International Chronostratigraphic Chart. Can you name all the supereons, eons, eras, periods, epochs, and ages of the geologic column as according to the International Commission on Stratigraphy? The age given for 'Ma' refers to the beginning of the unit. Data accurate as of v 2022/10 ..., INTERNATIONAL CHRONOSTRATIGRAPHIC CHART International Commission on Stratigraphy Colouring follows the Commission for the Geological Map of the World (www.ccgm.org) Chart drafted by K.M. Cohen, D.A.T. Harper, P.L. Gibbard, N. Car (c) International Commission on Stratigraphy, October 2022, The International Chronostratigraphic Chart (v2020/03), produced by the International Commission on Stratigraphy, is a wonder of consensus.It contains 4.6 billion years of information printed on one side of A4 paper. It is beautifully neat, sectioned, and colored to assist the reader to understand “this is like this, but different to that.”, Sistem/periode seri/kala masa/usia penanggalan mutlak (ma) neogen miosen aquitanium younger paleogen oligosen chattium 23.03–27.82 rupelium 27.82–33.9 eosen priabonium 33.9–37.71 bartonium 37.71–41.2 lutetium 41.2–47.8 ypresium 47.8–56.0 paleosen thanetium 56.0–59.2 selandium 59.2–61.6 danium 61.6–66.0 kretaseus awal/akhir …, The Devonian was a time of intense carbonate production in Earth's history. This resulted in peak coral reef growth and the greatest diversity of marine fauna, particularly shelled species such as brachiopods and bivalves, in the entire Paleozoic eon. [3] Lobe-finned fish developed in the Devonian, from which early tetrapods (four-legged ..., All units of the standard chronostratigraphic hierarchy are theoretically worldwide in extent, as are their corresponding time spans. 2. Present status. The Standard Global Chronostratigraphic (Geochronologic) Scale can be found in the International Chronostratigraphic Chart. E. Regional Chronostratigraphic Scales, The utility of ICS International Chronostratigraphic Charts (ICS Charts) relies on the accuracy and precision of reported geochronologic dates and their relationship to the bases of global chronostratigraphic units. However, an examination of some early Paleozoic dates (i.e., Cambrian-Ordovician boundary and lowest Ordovician) on the ICS ..., The first was to update names and boundaries to capture changes presented in Gradstein et al. (2012) and Cohen et al. (2012) to reflect recent efforts of the many working groups of the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS). Second, we updated the boundary ages using these same sources. Lastly, the magnetic polarity time scale was modified., Phanerozoic Cenozoic Quaternary Holocene Pleistocene Pliocene Miocene Oligocene Eocene Paleocene Neogene Paleogene Upper Lower Cre t Mesozoic aceous T riassic ..., As you approach retirement age, it is important to understand how Medicare works and how it affects your retirement plans. One of the most important tools for understanding Medicare is the Medicare Retirement Age Chart., International Chronostratigraphic Chart. In addition, ICS is collaborating with the IUGS Commission on Geoscience Information (CGI) as it develops GeoSciML as an . 5 interchange format for geoscience data. ICS subcommissions are traditionally affiliated with a considerable number of IUGS and IGCP activities. For example, ICS, The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart. K.M. Cohen 1, S.C. Finney 2, P.L. Gibbard 3, J.-X. Fan 4. ... (ICS) has a long tradition of producing international charts that communicate higher-order divisions of geological time and actual knowledge on the absolute numerical ages of their boundaries. The primary objective of …, Modi˜ed from the ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart, version 2020/01. Not drawn to scale. Phanerozoic Neoproterozoic (Z) Paleozoic Ordovician (O) Silurian (S) Devonian (D) Mississippian (M) Permian (P) Jurassic (J) Cretaceous (K) Paleocene Eocene Oligocene Miocene Pliocene Pleistocene Quaternary (Q) Tertiary (T) Holocene, Phanerozoic Cenozoic Quaternary Holocene Pleistocene Pliocene Miocene Oligocene Eocene Paleocene Neogene Paleogene Upper Lower Mesozoic Cretaceous Triassic ..., The 'golden spike' marking the Ediacaran GSSP. A Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point ( GSSP) is an internationally agreed upon reference point on a stratigraphic section which defines the lower boundary of a stage on the geologic time scale. The effort to define GSSPs is conducted by the International Commission on Stratigraphy, a part ..., INTERNATIONAL CHRONOSTRATIGRAPHIC CHART International Commission on Stratigraphy Colouring follows the Commission for the Geological Map of the World (www.ccgm.org) Chart drafted by K.M.Cohen,D.A.T.Harper,P.L.Gibbard,J.-X.Fan (c) International Commission on Stratigraphy, January 2020, The ICS international chronostratigraphic chart. Episodes (2013) Y. Cui et al. SHRIMP U-Pb dating of zircons from the Late Mesozoic basalts in Eastern Zhejiang Province and its geological significance. Geol. J. China Univ. (2010) S. Dai et al. Magnetostratigraphy of the Liupanshan Group, central China., Geologists classify the Earth's 4.5 billion years of history into chronostratigraphic units, which make up the international chronostratigraphic chart, widely referenced as the geological time scale (Zalasiewicz et al. 2019a, Fig. 1).The geological time scale is in continuous change due to continual scientific analysis of the Earth's strata by its mother-institution, the International ..., This chapter contains sections titled: The purpose of chronostratigraphic charts. Construction of chronostratigraphic charts from seismic data. Interpreting a chronostratigraphic chart. Coastal onlap curves and relative sea-level curves. Constructing chronostratigraphic charts from other data. Sequence Stratigraphy., Gardening is a great way to get outside and enjoy the beauty of nature. But if you want your garden to be successful, it’s important to understand the different climate zones in your area. That’s where garden zone charts come in., Cohen K, Finney S, Gibbard P, Fan JX. The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart.Episodes 2013;36:199-204. https://doi.org/10.18814/epiiugs/2013/v36i3/002, At the 34 th International Geological Congress, in 2012 in Brisbane, over 6000 delegates found the redesigned International Chronostratigraphic Chart of the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS) in their conference packages. The ICS Chart is a hierarchy of chronostratigraphic units (e.g. Systems, Series, and, Although the systems, series, and stages of the International Chronostratigraphic Scale and the corresponding periods, epochs and ages of the Geologic Time Scale were basically established by the late 19th to early 20th century, their development was haphazard. And because they were generally defined on the basis of type sections or type areas, their …, If a relationship between the Laplandian Glacial Period (600–580 Ma) and the negative excursions EN2 and EN3 on the δ 13 C curve for the Doushantuo Formation of China is established, the Vendian might take its place in the Standard Global Chronostratigraphic Chart as a formal upper series of the Ediacaran System. The …, International Chronostratigraphic Chart (v2020/03) Click here ( PDF or JPG ) to download the latest version (v2020/03) of the International …, The International Chronostratigraphic Chart [above] structures 4,600 million years of Stratigraphy into a consensus "hymn sheet" for mainstream geologists. However, the down side to this mainstream chronology is that mainstream Geologists have to align their observations with the predefined "pigeon holes" in the mainstream chronology., International Chronostratigraphic Chart with notations. This original English version of the International Chronostratigraphic Charter, published in August 2016 on the occasion of the 35 IGC, incorporates alphanumeric notations for eons, eras, systems, series and stages., The International Chronostratigraphic Chart (v2020/03), produced by the International Commission on Stratigraphy, is a wonder of consensus.It contains 4.6 billion years of information printed on one side of A4 paper. It is beautifully neat, sectioned, and colored to assist the reader to understand “this is like this, but different to that.”, The International Chronostratigraphic Chart, the famous diagram depicting the timeline for Earth's history (seen on many classroom walls) will be updated. Image source, IUGS Image caption,, The ICS International Chronostratigraphic Chart. 2013 • Kim M Cohen. The International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS) has a long tradition of producing international charts that communicate higher-order divisions of geological time and actual knowledge on the absolute numerical ages of their boundaries. The primary objective of ICS is to ..., Past Executive Committees List of members from 1961 to 2020 (Posted 01.07.2020) 36th IGC, Delhi, India - Note from the IUGS and the IGC on the 36th International Geological Congress (IGC) (Posted 25.09.2021) - 36th IGC letter regarding the current refund process (Posted 03.06.2021) - Joint IUGS-IGC letter concerning 36th IGC, Delhi (India), from John Ludden …